Welcome to Thriving Together, your go-to source for timely information, resources and support on the autism journey, sponsored by Metro Parent and Henry Ford Health. 

In this email, we’re focusing on issues related to eating and nutrition, with a spotlight on a unique challenge: pica in children with autism. We’ve gathered what you need to know now and in your child’s next milestone stage.

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What is pica in children with autism?

This month, we’re focusing on a unique challenge in food and nutrition: pica in kids with autism. We reached out to Allegra Picano, a registered dietitian-nutritionist with Henry Ford Health’s Pediatric Center for Nutrition and she offered information about pica:

What is pica?

“Pica is an eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats things that are not food and have no nutritional value,” Picano says. Most common non-food items: clay, paint chips, ice and dirt. “It’s estimated that about 2-26% of kids with autism also have pica.” 

What causes pica?

The exact cause is not known, but nutrient deficiency, especially minerals such as calcium, iron or zinc, is thought to play a role. Pica may also be a response to stress or anxiety or childhood trauma.

How can parents keep their children safe?

“Parents can prioritize a well-balanced diet to prevent nutrient deficiencies and utilize resources that may help prevent food insecurity or manage stress,” Picano suggests. She also says that feeding and behavioral therapy may also help children with autism. Monitor your child closely and keep items out of reach or use childproof locks. 

Have the Poison Help Line number close

Be sure to keep the Poison Help Line number accessible at all times: 800-222-1222. If your child has collapsed or is not breathing, call 911 immediately.

Read more about pica in children with autism at Metro Parent’s Your Top Kids Health Questions — Answered. 

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What do parents and caregivers need to consider in the management of pica throughout a child’s life stages? 

In young children: focus on a diet high in nutrients, especially iron, calcium and zinc. Not only is this important to help guard against pica, a nutrient-dense diet can reduce the risk of growth delays, poor neurodevelopment and behavioral concerns, says Allegra Picano, a registered dietitian-nutritionist with Henry Ford Health’s Pediatric Center for Nutrition. If your child will only eat certain foods, know you are not alone. According to information from Henry Ford Health, 50 to 89% of children with autism have some food selectivity.

In middle stages: continue to focus on a nutritional diet and any treatment you started when your child was younger. “With most eating disorders, treatment is rarely linear,” says Picano. “Regression can be common and treatment success can vary depending on the severity of the condition, cause, access to resources and several other factors. It is important for parents to continue to work with their provider to ensure the best care.”

In transition to adulthood: “Parents can continue to support their child with their nutrition habits, connecting them with resources, and fostering an environment that refrains from further enabling the condition,” Picano says. For example, you may need to focus on keeping certain substances out of reach or sight.

…and read more articles that address your top kids health questions!

Resources: organizations, events and more

The Color of Autism Foundation

Michigan-based nonprofit dedicated to supporting individuals of color impacted by autism spectrum disorder. Through programs and support groups, The Color of Autism connects families to culturally competent support. This organization was founded by a mom whose son was diagnosed with autism in 2008.
313-444-9035

Autism Alliance of Michigan

Help, hope and answers, including AAoM’s robust MiNavigator, a state-wide resource for families on all issues related to autism. Visit AAoM for its comprehensive calendar of events.
877-463-AAOM

Early On Michigan

Michigan’s system for families with children birth-3 who have developmental delays or developmental disabilities.
800-327-5966

Michigan Autism Program

Resources and support for families and caregivers, including the Michigan ASD State Plan. 

Macomb-Oakland Regional Center (MORC)
Ongoing recreational activities and resources for children and families.

Need More Support?

There's a wealth of knowledge and support available through Henry Ford Health. Learn the latest research regarding autism, discover life-changing outcomes and get expert advice at Henry Ford Health.